Monday, December 14, 2015

SUPPLY CHAIN FINANCE MARKET

How Big is the Supply Chain Finance Market?

Market-Size
I often get asked, “How big is the market for Supply Chain Finance?"
Everyone talks about the growth of Supply Chain Finance (also known at Reverse Factoring or Approved Trade Payable Finance), but when I tried to get the major players to develop a League Table, very few wanted to lift their kimonos.   That is unfortunate, because how can you comment on a market when you don’t have any idea of its size, only guess work from analysts and consultants based on private conversations with asset originators, mainly banks. In the past week, I fielded two calls from regional banks trying to understand the size of this market.
Tat Yeen Yap, Head of Product Management, Trade Services and Finance, Societe General, commented,
I guess the key problem is that market estimates are based on surveys and anecdotal inputs.
BCR Publishing in their World Supply Chain Finance Report 2015 estimated funds in use (financed outstandings) of EUR 37 – 49 billion (based on their survey of SCF practitioners in Nov-Dec 2014). I compare this to an ACCA report produced by Aite Group that estimated the market size for reverse factoring to be between US$255-280 billion – I guess they meant the volume financed in a year., if we make an assumption of average financing tenor being 60 days, the average financed outstandings would be about US$45 billion.
McKinsey mentions $2 trillion of ‘financeable highly secure payables globally’ and a potential revenue pool of $20 billion, and a current SCF revenues of $2 billion. I find the figures hard to makes sense of – what is the factor they use on payables to derive their estimated revenues.. potential revenue of $20 billion is 1% of $2 trillion, and if 1% was the financing margin assumed, that would mean an average of $2 trillion of balance sheet for financing!
I was talking to a banker (who wishes to remain unnamed) and he believes cross border reverse factoring programs are much smaller as a percentage of assets versus domestic.  He believes the majority of these programs are domestic (ie, a Brazilian Buyer with a Brazilian supplier).  By being domestic, they are easier to book, do Know Your Customer on, etc.
The problem is we just don’t know because there is no sharing of this data.  Right now, the banks have the luxury to be able to distribute any required capacity to regional banks, who are both deposit rich, asset hungry, and do not have the origination capability to sell this product. Therefore, they help fund these programs originated by the likes of Citibank, JPMorgan, or PrimeRevenue.  But recently, the insurance industry received approval to invest in these assets, opening up another huge source of capital looking for short term, fixed income yield –see Insurers now free to invest in Trade Finance Receivables.
I understand at a minimum we would need the following conditions:
  1. Anonymous data (it would need to stay anonymous due to many banks not providing otherwise)
  2. Transparent, auditable process (ie, onsite verification)
  3. Specific product definition
These programs can be defined and what needs to be done is to have an audited Post Shipment Buyer Approved Invoice data for market sizing.  How can a secondary market be established without proper market sizing?  If a large originating bank like Citibank or HSBC has a hold level of X% (say 90%) and they can originate 120%, they need to sell 30%. Banks are typically limited to selling to other banks, so an expanded secondary market with more transparent data is important. Or else this just becomes a private placement market.
One vendor told me banks are not going to want the market to know how limited their deployments are especially when you talk about credit utilization.   For example, he mentioned an auto manufacturer in Europe who deployed a European Bank and 12 months later they had 0 suppliers operational.
I think the market could greatly benefit by this data and transparency.   Otherwise we continue to guess growth and overall market size by region.

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